Te tukatuka whakawera wera

Kaihanga whakarewa wera (ngā ngongo maitai)

Whāngai → pīkara, horoi → whakarewa → whakamaroke → whakawerawera wera → pupuhi i roto, i waho → tapanga hurihuri, tohu → whakakorekore → tirotiro → tākai.

Me tirotiro e te kaimahi uta te āhua o ngā rauemi:

1. Kaua te mata o waho o te paipa maitai e piri ki te hinu (ina koa ngā paru hinu pēnei i te peita whakaranu hinu uku), ki te kore ka nui te maha o ngā hua kāore i te whai tohu.

2. Me whakatikatika te paipa maitai i muri i te hanga kia kore ai e pāngia e te ahotea o roto o te paipa maitai.

3, kāore e taea te whakapūmau i te mata o te ngongo maitai kia kore ai e waikura, ki te kore ka maumauria he nui o te waikawa hauwai.

Kāore e whakaaetia te piko horihori i te tukanga o te kawe paipa maitai.
5. Mō ngā paipa maitai piauau wera-tō, kāore e whakaaetia kia piri ngā tohu ki ngā pakitara o roto, o waho hoki o ngā paipa maitai hei karo i te turuturu o te whakakikorua.

1. Te whakapūkara i te paipa maitai:

1) Me mau ngā kaimahi pīkara i ngā taputapu tiaki mahi i mua i te mahi, me te tirotiro mārie mēnā he papa mahi kore-ārai, mēnā kei te ora tonu te whitiki, kātahi ka taea te mahi i muri i te whakaū.

2) Ko te waikawa hauwaiora te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana mō te whakapūkara, ā, ko te waikawa hauwaiora ka hangaia ki te wai. Ko te nui o te waikawa hauwaiora he 18-20%, he mea tika ake tēnā.

3) Kia mārama ki te kukū waikawa, te pāmahana me te taumaha o te paipa whakapūkara i roto i te tāke i mua i te whakapūkara.
4) I te wā e hiki ana i te paipa, me 1.3 mita te tawhiti o ngā taura e rua mai i te pito, kia kore ai e piko te paipa rino, kia kore ai hoki e turuturu te paipa piauau; i te wā e heke ana i te paipa ki te tāke waikawa, me whakatītaha te paipa rino ki te 15°, kia tukuna tuatahitia ai te pito tū o te paipa, kia kore ai e whara te tangata i te rehu waikawa.

5) Ko te taumaha o ia pīkara paipa rino kia 2 ~ 5 tana te taumaha, ā, ko te roa o te wā kia 5 ~ 15 meneti.

6) Me wiri pinepine te ngongo maitai i te wā e whakapūkara ana. I roto i te tukanga wiri, me whakatakoto te ngongo maitai ki runga i te kōhatu whakapae o te tāke waikawa, ā, me tīmata anō te whitiki i tetahi taha mō ngā wā e toru, kātahi ka tīmata anō te whitiki i tetahi taha mō ngā wā e toru, kātahi ka hiki ake i muri i te tukuruatanga e rua; Kaua e neke ake i te 15° te koki piki wiri.

7) Ina wera te tāke waikawa, whakapirihia te paipa mamaoa kia mau i mua i te whakatuwheratanga o te takirere mamaoa.

8) Ina tomo, ina puta rānei te kereini i te tāke waikawa, kaua e tukinga ki te pakitara o te tāke hei ārai i te kino o te tāke waikawa.

9) Ngā take matua o te koretake o te pīkara o ngā ngongo maitai:

(1) me tino tirotirohia te paipa rino i te wā e whāngai ana, ā, kaua te paipa rino kore tohu e tukuna ki te pīkara.

(2) Kāore te paipa rino e whakahaeretia kia āta tupato ina wiri ana.

(3) Kāore i te rawaka te wā whakapūkara me te nui o te waikawa hauwai.

10) Ngā take matua o te whakapūkara o ngā ngongo maitai:

(1) He nui rawa te waikawa wai hiko.

(2) He roa rawa te wā whakapūkara.

11) Whai muri i te whakapūkara, tirohia mēnā he maeneene te mata o waho o te paipa maitai, mēnā he toenga unahi rino, ā, mēnā kua poke te mata o te paipa maitai i te unahi hinu.
2. Te horoi wai i ngā ngongo maitai:

1) Me horoi te paipa rino i roto i tētahi tāke wai mārama e rere ana. Me rumaki katoa te paipa rino ki te wai i te wā e horoi ana, whakangāwarihia te whitiki whakapūkara, kātahi ka tangohia, tangohia hoki mō ngā wā e toru, e whā rānei.

2) I muri i te horoinga, me whakahaere te wai i roto i te ngongo maitai, ā, me rongoā ki te whakarewa i te wā e taea ai hei ārai i te waikura o te ngongo maitai.

3) Kaua te nui o te rino me te tote i roto i te wai horoi e neke ake i te paerewa, ā, kaua hoki e whakamahia ētahi atu mea. Me noho ma, me mārama hoki.

4) I te wā e horoi ana i te paipa, he mea tino rāhui kia takahia e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tāke pīkara hei ārai i te paheke, te hinga rānei ki roto i te tāke, kia whara ai te tangata. 1. Ina tomo te ngongo maitai ki roto i te tāke whakarewa, wetekina te whitiki kia rumakina rawatia te ngongo maitai ki roto i te whakarewa. Kaua e tukua te mata o te ngongo maitai kia kitea te mata o te whakarewa. Kia kore rā anō he mirumiru i ngā pito e rua o te ngongo maitai, me hiki ake tetahi taha o te ngongo maitai ki runga, ki raro hoki hei wiri, ā, me hiki ake te ngongo maitai hei whakahaere i te whakarewa ma, kātahi ka whakaurua ki roto i te paepae whakamaroke.

2. Kaua te koki whakarara o te paipa maitai e neke atu i te 15° i te tukanga maimoatanga whakarewa.

3, ko te roa o te rumaki i roto i te ngongo maitai he 60 ~ 120 hēkona, ko te roa o te rumaki i roto i te ngongo whakahoki he 3 ~ 5 meneti, ko te roa o te rumaki i roto i te ngongo whakahoki he 5 ~ 10 meneti.

4. Te pāmahana o te whakarewa: Puritia te whakarewa kia ma i te pāmahana rūma.

5. Whai muri i te maimoatanga whakarewa, kaua e piri ki tētahi atu paru, kaua hoki e mākū, whakatakotoria ki roto i te tēpu whakamaroke hei whakataurite; Kāore e whakaaetia kia takahia te paipa rino kei runga i te paepae whakamaroke. Mena me takahia, me pania ngā waewae e rua ki te haukinia pūhaumāota i mua i te mahi i runga i te paipa. 1. Whai muri i te maimoatanga whakarewa kua tohua, whakatakotoria te paipa rino ki runga i te papa whakamaroke me te papa whiwhi, ka whakatakotoria te paipa rino ki te taha o mua o te kohua konutea me te taha o mua o te roera aukume tuarua kia tapawhā ki te koki matau; ka whakatakotoria te paipa piko ake ki muri, ka whakatikatikahia rānei, ka whakatakotoria ki runga i te whata whiwhi.

2. Ko te mahi matua o te whakamaroke i te KANG he whakamaroke i te wai i runga i te mata o te ngongo maitai. I tetahi atu taha, he whakanui ake i te pāmahana o te ngongo maitai, he ārai i te tauhiuhi konutea kei whara i te tangata, ā, kaua e tango i te kaha wera i roto i te kohua konutea, kia tere ake ai te hanganga o te paparanga konutea-ferroalloy.

3. Ko te pāmahana whakamaroke o te kang he 80℃ ~ 180℃, ā, ko te wā whakamaroke o te paipa maitai he 3 ~ 7 meneti. Ka taea hoki te whakahaere i te pāmahana whakamaroke kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga me te matotoru o te pakitara o te paipa maitai. Me tirotiro e ngā whakamaroke te nui o te whakamaroke o te paipa maitai i ngā wā katoa kia kore ai e roa te wā ki roto i te wai konutea; kaua e neke ake i te pāmahana i te wā whakamaroke, kia kore ai e puta te kōka tunu whakarewa. Ko te paipa maitai konutea wera-tuku te whakamahi i te mātāpono miihini o te waea ki roto, te pēhi ki raro, te hurihuri, te kume ki waho me te hiki i te ara o te paipa maitai konutea haurua-aunoa tuku katoa hei whakaoti i te tukanga konutea wera-tuku.

1. Te whakahaere i ngā tawhā tukanga: Me whakahaere te pāmahana o te otinga konutea i waenga i te 440-460℃; Me whakahaere te wā tō konutea i waenga i te 30-60 hēkona; Te ihirangi konumohe (Te taumata wai konutea kei roto konumohe 0.01-0.02%)

2. Me hanga te pito konutea ki te pito konutea zN0-3 e ai ki te paerewa ā-motu.

3. Kia mau tonu, kia whakahaere hoki i te mahi pono o te tīwiri tango me te pēhi me te taputapu hiki tango i ngā hiko i ia wā, kia kaha ake te whakahinuhinu o te rango, kia pai te whakarite i te teitei me te koki o te tohatoha paipa whakapūmau, kia pai hoki te whakarite i te taputapu ki te āhua tino pai.

4. Whakatakotoria te pana tata ki te tika; te raina me te mita whakamahana hei whakamahi i roto i te tauira kotahi, ki te kore, he nui te hapa pāmahana, tirohia te ringaringa tiaki whakamahana me te whakakapi.

5. Me whakarerekē ā-ringa te tere e te kaiwhakahaere o te teihana whakahaere kia rite ki te āhua o te mahi o te taputapu kei mua i te oumu me te whakahau tohu hei ārai i te piri o te paipa.

6. Whakamahanahia ngā taputapu e whakamahia ana e ngā kaimahi oumu i mua i te whakamahinga hei ārai i te maringi o te konutea me te whara; Tirohia pinepine mēnā ka taka te paipa maitai ki roto i te kohua, mēnā he mea, kia horoia atu i te wā tika; Kia tika ai te whakatikatika i ngā taputapu, kaua e piri te ngongo, kia mau ai te haumaru o ngā taputapu.

7. Ina tāpirihia te konutea ki te kohua konutea, me whakamahana tuatahi ngā poro konutea. Kaua rawa e tukua kia tāpirihia he paihere konutea, kaua e neke atu i te rima ngā wahi konutea i te wā kotahi. Kāore e whakaaetia te maturuturu i te rino ki roto i te wai konutea hei ārai i te nui o te para konutea.

8, me whakamahana āta te konutea ina whakarewahia, kaua e tahuna ki te ahi, ki te kore ka kino te roa o te wā e whakamahia ana te konutea, ā, ka nui te mimiti o te kohu konutea. Ina nui rawa te manawa, ka puta he āhua e kiia nei ko te "kirika whakarewa" i tēnei hau kino. I te wā e whakarewahia ana te konutea, kaua e pā atu ki te poraka konutea ina wera te konutea, kia kore ai e wera, me whakamahi i ngā taputapu tika hei pā atu.

9, kia horoia tonutia te mata wai konutea mai i te pungarehu konutea. I te wā e waru ana i te pungarehu, me ata pania ki te pereti waru te mata o te wai konutea me te ūkui waru, kaua e nui rawa te whakaoho, kei ara ake te pungarehu konutea. Kaua te pereti waru e tuku konutea ki waho o te ngongo ina pa atu ki te ngongo maitai, kia kore ai e takahuri, ka puta ai he aituā whaiaro, he aituā taputapu rānei.

10. Ko ngā poraka konutea i runga i te whenua i mua i te oumu, ko te konutea pakaru, ko te konutea i tangohia mai i te wā e whakapūmautia ana, ā, ko te paipa rino konutea e rere ana ki waho me tango i ngā wā katoa hei whakaiti i te ngaronga wera o te kohua konutea.

11. Ina tāpirihia ngā poro konumohe ki te mata o te konutea wai, me nekehia kia maha ngā wā i mua atu, i muri mai hoki, kia ōrite ai te nui o te konumohe i runga i te mata o te konutea wai.

12. Hei whakahaere i te waipuke me te tango konutea, me maka kia 20 tana o te mata ki roto i te kohua konutea.

13, whakamahanahia ngā paru para, wehea te paru konutea ki ngā poraka rokiroki nui me ngā poraka rokiroki iti, me whakahaere te pāmahana o ngā paru ki te 455℃ i runga ake, me whakamahi taputapu motuhake te mīhini paru, kia 1 mita te tawhiti mai i te kohua konutea, kia tū ai ō waewae i roto i te āhua-T.

14, he uaua ake ngā whakaritenga mō te tukanga whakapūmau werawera, nō reira, i roto i te tukanga whakaputa whakapūmau werawera, me maroke te teihana katoa, arā, ko te nui ake o te tau pakiaka, te taumaha rānei, ka iti ake te utu, ā, ko te rerekētanga, ka nui ake. 1. I muri i te whakatakoto i te paipa whakapūmau, ka whakamahia te tēpu roera aukume hei arahi i te paipa whakapūmau, ā, kāore e tere rawa te hurihanga o te mīhini ārahi, kia ma ai te rere o te konutea i mua i te pupuhi ā-roto.

2. Me whakarara te koki o te mowhiti pupuhi o waho ki te roera aukume i ngā koki tika, ā, me pai ngā tūranga roa me te taha whakararo kia tika ai te haere o te paipa piauau mā waenganui o te mowhiti hau.

3. I te wā e tāuta ana i te roera aukume, me whakanoho ngā roera aukume e rima ki te rārangi pokapū kia rite ai te paparanga konutea o te paipa konutea kua pupuhihia ki waho.

4. Me pupuhi te hau ki waho mā te whakamahi i te hau kōpeke, he pai ake i runga ake i te 70℃, i raro i te pēhanga o te 0.2-0.4mpa.

5. Me whakarerekē te pēhanga o te hau i raro i ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

(1) He matotoru rawa te paparanga konutea i te mata o waho o te paipa piauau.

(2) Ka pōuri te mata o te paparanga konutea i muri i te pupuhi mai i waho.

(3) Whai muri i te pupuhi o waho, ka piri te mata o te paparanga konutea ki ngā mea rerekē, ka tangohia ngā mea poke. Me whakarite te nui o te hau.

6. Whakakapia te mowhiti hau o taua whakatakotoranga anō kia rite ki te whakatakotoranga o te paipa maitai piauau. Kāore e taea te whakakapi i te mowhiti hau e ētahi atu whakatakotoranga.

7. Kāore e whakaaetia te tuku i te paipa piauau i raro i te āhua o te kore hau, kia kore ai e aukati i te kōhao hau, kia kore ai hoki e pā ki te kounga o te pupuhi o waho.

8. Tirohia tonu mēnā he ma te roto o te mowhiti pupuhi o waho, mēnā kei te iri te konutea, mēnā he maeneene te mata o waho o te paipa piauau, mēnā he karawarawa; mēnā kei te hono te mata o te roera aukume, te mekameka ki te konutea, mēnā kei te hono ki te konutea, me horoi i te wā tika.

9. Nā te mea kāore he roera aukume, ā, kāore te paparanga konutea i te mārō, ko te mata o te paparanga konutea te mea tino pea ka rakurakuhia, nō reira me ōrite te tere o te roera ārahi ki te tere o te roera aukume.1. Ka tukuna te paipa konutea wera-tuku ki te taha o te pupuhi ā-roto e te taputapu arataki, ā, ka whakamahia te pana tata hei whakaoti i te nekehanga whakapae, te pēhi i te pupuhi ā-roto, te whakaara i te pane pēhanga, me te neke i te paipa konutea wera-tuku ki roto i te totohu whakamatao.

2. Ko te ngongo pania wera te mea tino pea ka rakurakuhia i runga i te tēpu roera mata. Ko te take matua he kore anō kia totoka rawa te konutea i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te ngongo.

3. Ka whakamahia te mamaoa mō te pupuhi ā-roto, ā, ko te pēhanga pupuhi ā-roto he 0.4-1.0mpa; Me maeneene te mata o roto o te paipa piauau.

4, kia mau tonu te koki whakarara o te mekameka i roto i te paipa piauau, kia kore ai e mimiti te wai whakamatao.

5. Kei te wāhi pari te wāhi mahi pupuhi ā-roto, he iti te wāhi mahi, nō reira me āta whakahaere kia kore ai e paheke, e hinga, e piko rānei ngā whara; me tino ārai i tētahi wāhanga o te tinana, me te whakapā tika ki te paipa piauau pāmahana teitei, kia kore ai e whara.

6. Kia tūpato ki te tū pakari o ō waewae, me ētahi atu arai hei ārai i a koe kei taka ki roto i te totohu; He māmā noa te waiho i te mekameka e rere ana i runga i te totohu, hei ārai i ngā whara o te ngongo rere. Te tikanga: Ina hiahiatia kia rongoatia, kia haria hoki ngā wāhanga mō te wā roa, me whakahaere te whakakorenga i waenga i ngā wāhanga hei ārai i te waikura i roto i te tukanga rokiroki me te kawe. Ko ngā hua waikura e kiia ana ko te waikura mā. Ko ngā tikanga whakakorenga noa ko te chromate me te phosphate.

1. Tikanga whakakorekore: ka whakamahia he paipa whakarewa wera-tuku hei rehu tika i te otinga whakakorekore ki runga i te ara rere, ā, ka murua te otinga i te tawhiti o te kotahi mita mai i te tūranga rehu mā te maripi mamaoa. Kia tūpato ki te pupuhi i te otinga whakakorekore.

2. Horoia ki te hau kōpeke hei pupuhi i te wai i runga i te mata o te ngongo maitai, kia ōrite ai te paninga. Mā te whakarerekē i te pēhanga hei whakarerekē i te matotoru o te paninga, kaua e piri ngā pirepire taikaha ki te mata o te ngongo konutea. 1. Tohu hurihuri me te roera:

1) Ina mahi ana te mīhini tohu, kaua e pā ki te roera tohu ki tō ringaringa kia kore ai e pēhihia e te ringa; Kāore e whakaaetia kia tukuna te paipa takirua mā te mīhini tohu kia kore ai e kino te roera pēhi.

2) I te wā e whakahaerehia ana te paipa piauau i roto i te tēpu roera kawe, me whakarerekē e te mīhini tohu te nota kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga rerekē, ā, me whakarerekē te teitei o te wira pēhi ina whakarerekētia ngā whakaritenga, ā, me tāpiri pinepine te hinu.

3) Me tirotiro pinepine te mowhiti rapa o te mīhini tohu hurihuri, ā, me whakakapi i te wā tika mēnā ka kitea he kapiti.

4) Me pēhi te wira rapa ki te rārangi pokapū o te ngongo maitai, ā, me whakarerekē ngā pūtu whakapiri o runga me raro me te koki pēhanga pai.

5) I te wā e tā ana i te mowhiti waitohu, me huri ngā tāngata tokorua i te wā kotahi. Me tāpiri pinepine te waituhi ki te huruhuru hei huri i te paipa maitai, engari ehara i te mea ngāwari te nui rawa o te waituhi.

2. Tākai:

1) Ka whakamahia e te mīhini tākai te hau hau, ā, ko te pēhanga he 0.4-0.8mpa. Kāore e whakaaetia kia pā atu ō ringaringa ki ngā wāhanga neke o te mīhini tākai kia kore ai e whara ō ringaringa i raro i te āhua mahi o te mīhini tākai.

2) I te wā e tākai ana, tuatahi, whakamauhia ngā poroporo ki te whitiki tākai, kātahi ka tākai te whitiki tākai ki te paipa maitai, ka whakauru i tetahi atu pito ki roto i ngā poroporo. Kātahi ka pēhi i te mīhini tākai ki te whitiki tākai, ka whakatuwhera i te takirere hau o te mīhini tākai hei tākai me te pēhi. Ko te matotoru o te whitiki tākai he 1.0-1.2mm. Me 100mm te tawhiti o te whitiki tākai mai i te pito, 300mm te tawhiti mai i te wāhanga tuarua, me 400mm te tawhiti mai i te pito o te tohu pae kikorangi.

3) Kōwhiria te whata tākai o te whakatakotoranga ōrite mō ngā paipa piauau, whakatakotoria ngā paipa piauau kia hanga he āhua ono-hāora, kia ōrite tetahi pito.

4) Kia poke te mata o waho o te paipa rino kua tākaihia, horoia ki te onepū miro ma i mua i te whakarārangi. Mēnā e pai ana, me whakahaere te wai i roto i te paipa iti, me horoi hoki; Kaua e tukua tetahi kia takahi i te paipa ki tōna waewae, kia mau tonu ai te āhua o te paipa piauau.

He kamupene hanga hua maitai ngaio a Tianjin Rainbow Steel Group i Haina.

Ko te hua ka taea e mātou te hanga penei i raro nei:

Tā Mātou Hua Matua:

1. Paipa Rino(Porowhita / Tapawhā / Āhua motuhake / SSAW)

2. Paipa Hiko(EMT/IMC/RMC/BS4568-1970/BS31-1940)

3. Wāhanga Rino Matao Hangaia(C /Z /U/ M)

4. Koki me te Kurupae Rino( Pae Koki V / Kurupae H / Kurupae U)

5. Tauranga Rino

6. Hanganga Rino(Ngā Mahi Anga)

7. Tukanga Tika i runga i te Rino(te tapahi, te whakatikatika, te whakapapatahi, te pēhi, te hurihuri wera, te hurihuri matao, te tā, te keri, te whakarewa, me ētahi atu. E ai ki ngā hiahia o te kiritaki)

8. Pourewa Rino

9. Hanganga Whakapuru Pūngao Rā

Ngā Painga o tā Mātou Kamupene:

1.Utu:Kei Tianjin, Haina tō mātou Kamupene. Mō ngā tekau tau, ko Tianjin te pokapū ahumahi maitai me te turanga hanga paipa maitai nui rawa atu i Haina. He oti te mekameka ahumahi o ngā hua maitai me te whakarewa; he nui ngā rauemi rauemi me ngā rauemi mahi i konei. Nō reira, he tino oti ngā momo paipa maitai i hangaia i konei, he tino pai te kounga, he tino painga te utu. Hei kamupene rōpū, ka taea e ā mātou wheketere e whā te whiwhi i te utu pai ake o ngā rauemi mata nā te nui o te hoko o te puranga rauemi kotahi. Ko ngā utu o ngā hua kaweake he utu whakauru katoa, nō reira he painga utu tō mātou i ētahi atu kaihoko kaweake motuhake.

2.Te kawe waka:E 70 kiromita noa iho te tawhiti o ā mātou mira i te Tauranga o Tianjin, te tauranga nui rawa atu i te raki o Haina, ā, e tukuna ana ngā kaipuke ki ngā tauranga neke atu i te 300 i roto i ngā whenua 170. He tino watea tā mātou kamupene, ā, e penapena ana i te wā me te utu mō te kawe waka.

3.Ratonga kotahi-mutu:Hei kamupene rōpū, e whā ā mātou mira me tētahi whare putunga hou me tētahi whare tukatuka, ka taea e mātou te whakarato ki a koe he whānuitanga o ngā hua maitai: he mea huri wera me te mea hanga matao, tae atu ki te whānuitanga o ngā hua paera hokohoko, ngā hua hanganga me ngā hua ngongo. Kei a mātou ngā taputapu me ngā ratonga maitai o te whare, o te pakihi me te ahumahi katoa e hiahiatia ana e koe. Nō reira, ki te hoko mai koe i a mātou, ko tā mātou e taea ai he whakarato ratonga hua maitai kotahi-mutu. Ka penapena i te nuinga o tō wā hoko me te utu rapu.

4. Te kaha o te hua me te tuku:

He nui tō mātou kaha whakaputa, ā, neke atu i te 3500 tāne te nui o ā mātou taonga ka kaweakehia i ia wiki (tata ki te 150 ipu 20 GP), ka taea e mātou te tuku i ngā taonga i roto i ngā rā 20-30 i muri i te whiwhinga o te moni tāpui T/T, te L/C rānei. Mō ngā ota motuhake, ka taea e mātou te whakapoto i te wā ārahi ki te 10 rā.

5. Hangaia kia rite ki ngā paerewa rerekē, Kia tutuki ngā paerewa rerekē:

Nā te mea kua kaweakehia ā mātou hua ki ngā whenua me ngā rohe maha pērā i a Ūropi, Amerika, Ahitereiria, Āwherika, Āhia me ētahi atu, ka taea e ā mātou hua te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o ngā paerewa ā-motu rerekē. Mena he whakaritenga motuhake āu, me kī mai, ka taea e mātou te whakaputa hua ritenga māu, ehara i te mea ka tutuki noa i ō whakaritenga kounga, engari ka penapena nui hoki i a koe i te utu.